SUMMARY

Change to postmodernism, refusal from modernist thinking demonstrated that the West endured the downfall of all authorities. People didn't strive to identify themselves with a state, a party or certain institutions any more. The society was not obsessed with great names of the past or heroes of modern history. In this perspective May 1968 in France became a boundary between the past and the present where the general crisis with the absence of masters of thoughts and influencial ideas, significant perspective discoveries was the main sign.

In those conditions «new philosophy» became the expression of mentality of the whole generation of French intellectuals that endured «crisis of identity» which wasn't overcome however by establishing national consensus. The main «new philosophers» thinking feature became the principal refusal from the attempts to systematize the world that earlier was the main task of classical philosophy. As a result distrust to the reality, pessimism, negativism in various conseptions of «negative humanism» appeared. The reverse side of such kind of thinking was cynism that was the point of anthropological ideas of «new philosophers».

SUMMARY

Developing in the cultural channel of postmodernism «new philosophy» promoted the consolidation of not only critical thinking but social criticism of Western European history and society. The polysemy of objectivism, human spirit and experience can't be denied in postmodern epoch. The understanding of the equal world diversity created premises for its integration and synthesis into an indivisible system. If humanity doesn't realize the chances and impulses of this tendency, if it doesn't elaborate a united idea it will come into collision not only with «deconstruction» but with «destruction» and both in theoretical and practical aspects.